Two types of tests are commonly used to identify a current infection of SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. But, they may not be as accurate as other types of tests, such as a PCR lab test.ĬOVID-19 is a respiratory disease that can cause severe illness, especially in people with preexisting health conditions like diabetes, obesity, or high blood pressure. Some rapid tests can provide results in 15 minutes. Subgroup analysis was conducted using several study characteristics separately.Antigen tests are one type of rapid test that may help diagnose COVID-19. The area under the curve (AUC) serves as a global measure of test performance a value of 1 indicates perfect accuracy ( 16, 17).ĭeek's test was used to identify the risk of publication bias based on parametric linear regression methods ( 18). A high specificity and sensitivity test with a low rate of false positives and false negatives have high DOR ( 16). DOR depends significantly on the sensitivity and specificity of a test. It is calculated according to the formula: DOR = (TP/FN)/(FP/TN). The DOR or the odds of a positive result in infected individuals compared to the odds of a positive result in non-infected individuals. Tests with pooled PLR values >10 and a pooled NLR value of <0.1 have the greater discriminating ability ( 15, 16). On the other hand, the NLR measures how likely a negative result is in infected vs. The PLR measures how frequently a positive test is found in infected vs. Specificity is the proportion of negative test results among those without the disease. Sensitivity is the proportion of positive test results among those with the target infection.
Diagnostic accuracy measures were calculated. The random-effects model was used because of the estimated heterogeneity of the true effect sizes. A random-effects model was used to pool the estimated effects. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with 95% confidence intervals between antigen rapid diagnostic tests and the reference standard were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed with Meta-DiSc (version 1.4, Cochrane Colloquium, Barcelona, Spain) software. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of RAT against RT-PCR methods as the reference standard.
Thus, the efficacy of RAT is yet to be investigated comprehensively. However, despite their excellent specificity, the sensitivity of RAT kits is not as great as other molecular assays ( 12). This test may also be used as a preliminary screening test before RT-PCR ( 11). Another benefit of employing an antigen test is that it may discover vast numbers of asymptomatic carriers who often migrate from one location to another.
#Best covid rapid test portable
Many of these tests do not need the use of analyzers or readers, making them less costly and more portable ( 10). It is cost-effective, easy to use outside of laboratory facilities, requires no experienced workers, and may be used on a wide range of patients. Antigen diagnostic assays identify proteins from a live virus in 15–30 min, such as the spike protein, nucleocapsid protein, or both ( 9). Recent studies have shown rapid antigen test (RAT) to be a more practical, less costly, and faster technique, especially in the early days following symptoms, although less sensitive ( 8). On the other hand, these diagnostic tests can tell if a disease is present in a person but not define its contagiousness ( 7). Furthermore, these tests are frequently challenged for being too sensitive since they do not distinguish between live infections and non-viable viral remaining genetic pieces. However, its widespread use is limited by the necessity for expensive laboratory equipment and well-trained laboratory personnel ( 6). For COVID-19 diagnosis, the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for sputum, nasopharyngeal swabs, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and nasal and nasal oral fluids ( 5). Currently, COVID-19 diagnostic techniques are classified into two categories: (1) methods that evaluate clinical samples directly for virus particles, antigens, or nucleic acids and (2) serological assays for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies ( 4). Given the rapid community and congregate setting transmission and high pathogenicity, reliable and early identification of SARS-CoV-2 are critical ( 3). The virus, which has infected more than 260 million people and killed more than 4.5 million as of December 10, 2021, can cause various conditions, from asymptomatic to lightning-fast respiratory failure ( 1, 2). COVID-19 epidemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and began in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China.
0 kommentar(er)
